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Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia
Guyton & Hall, Ed 15, CH 33
Plasma and Red Blood Cells
Erythropoeisis
Iron and Hemoglobin Metabolism
Red Blood Cell Indices
Learning Objectives:
Describe the key red blood cell indices and their physiological significance in assessing erythrocyte characteristics and overall hematological health.
Interpret normal and abnormal values of RBC indices to identify and classify various types of anemia and red blood cell disorders.
Apply standard formulas to calculate important RBC indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC, CI) and analyze their clinical implications.
Correlate changes in red cell indices with underlying pathophysiological conditions such as iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, and hereditary spherocytosis.
Evaluate the diagnostic value of supplementary tests like RDW and osmotic fragility in the context of red cell morphology and membrane stability.
Anemia and Polycythemia
Learning Objectives:
• Differentiate between various types of anemias and their clinical
and lab presentation.
• Compare and contrast different types of anaemia based on
etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations and blood
picture.
• Analyze the effects of anemia on circulatory system.
• Describe etiology, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of
polycythemia.
Resistance of the Body to Infection: I. Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-Macrophage System, and Inflammation
Guyton & Hall, Ed 15, CH 34
Learning objectives:
Discuss the genesis of white blood cells
Describe the morphology and physiology of different types of white blood cells
Elucidate the phagocytic potential and mechanisms of neutrophils and macrophages
Appraise the clinical significance of RES reticuloendothelial system
Recognise the specific immune functions of lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils
Describe pathophysiology of inflammation and necrosis
Comment on leukopenia and leukemia
Study Resources:
Chapter 34, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
Chapter 11, Human Physiology From Cells to System by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Chapter 3, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
Physiology, Immune Response – StatPearls; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539801/
Resistance of the Body to Infection: II. Immunity and Allergy
Guyton & Hall, Ed 15, CH 35
1.Classify different types of immunity
2.Define innate immunity
3.Enlist the components of innate immunity
4.Describe the significance of innate immunity
5.Discuss the mechanisms involved in innate immunity
6.Discuss the role of natural killer cells & interferons in innate immunity
1.Classify different types of immunity
2.Define innate immunity
3.Enlist the components of innate immunity
4.Describe the significance of innate immunity
5.Discuss the mechanisms involved in innate immunity
6.Discuss the role of natural killer cells & interferons in innate immunity
Blood Types; Transfusion; and Tissue and Organ Transplantation
Guyton & Hall, Ed 15, CH 36
Learning objectives:
Identify the various blood groups
Explain the principles of blood grouping keeping in view their physiological significance
Discuss the hazards of blood transfusion
Study Resources:
Chapter 36, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
Chapter 11, Human Physiology From Cells to System by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Chapter 31, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
Hematology and Oncology, First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2023
Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
Guyton & Hall, Ed 15, CH 37
Platelet Plug Formation
Clotting Mechanism, Clinical Correlations and Theraputics
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