By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:

• Describe early vasculogenesis and angiogenesis

• Explain the formation of the primitive heart tube and cardiac loop

• Understand the development of atria, ventricles, and septa

• Recognize common congenital cardiac anomalies and their embryological basis

By the end of this presentation, learners will be able to:

• Describe the primary stages of heart development

• Explain the process of folding of the cardiac tube 

• Differentiate between the various septal structures involved in the division of the heart 

• Identify key clinical conditions related to septal defects, including Tetralogy of Fallot and Transposition of the Great Vessels 

• Analyze the differences between fetal and adult circulation and the clinical implications of these differences 

• Apply knowledge of vascular development to explain common congenital heart defects