• Explain the concept of organization of cells to tissue, tissues to organ, organs to system.

• Differentiate between the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

• Describe the composition and structure of cell on biochemical basis and justify it as fluid mosaic model.

• Describe the structure and function of cell membrane with particular reference to the role of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins.

• Explain why the cell membrane is called fluid mosaic model

• Explain the biochemical markers and importance of subcellular organelles and their inherited disorders especially I cell disease, Refsum disease, Parkinsonism and Progeria.

By the end of this session, the students should be able to 

• Discuss the various ways of cell-to-cell communication and to the environment.

• Describe cell to cell communications.

• Describe cell signaling pathways (only G protein signaling i.e. Gs, Gi and Gq).

• Describe cell to cell adhesion.

By the end of this session, students should be able to 

• Describe enzymes with reference to active site, specificity, catalytic efficiency, cofactors, coenzymes, holoenzyme, apoenzyme, prosthetic group, zymogens and location

• Classify enzymes according to the reaction they catalyze and their nomenclature

• Explain the mechanism of enzyme action from reactants to products

• Discuss the effect of substrate concentration, temperature, pH and enzyme concentration on enzymatic activity

• Explain the regulation of enzymatic activity (Michaelis Menten and Line weaver Burk’s equation)

• Discuss inhibitors of enzymatic activity with special reference to Km and Vmax

• Explain the application of enzyme in clinical diagnosis and therapeutic use

• Classify amino acids based on polarity, nutritional importance and glucogenic/Ketogenic properties

• Explain the structure, physical, chemical properties of amino acids and their biomedical importance

• Classify proteins on the basis of functions, solubility and physicochemical properties and their biomedical importance.

• Explain the structural levels of proteins

• Differentiate between alpha helix and beta pleated protein structures

• Identify bonding at different levels of proteins

• Describe the role of chaperons in protein folding

• Interpret disorders related to protein misfolding on basis of given data

• Describe the biochemical basis of Alzheimer’s disease/ prion disease

• Classify and explain the bio-chemical role of each class of plasma proteins

• Explain the structure and biochemical role of immunoglobulins

• Describe the production, structure and functions of B cells, plasma cells, and antibodies (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM).

• Discuss the functions of the cytokines (Interleukins (ILs), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFs), IFs, Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), and Platelet activating factor (PAF)).

• Interpret multiple myeloma on basis of given data