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Y1B2M6 - Craniofacial
Expand a subject to review the topics and learning objectives retained from the official NUMS BDS Year I source. Topic links will be added only in a later reviewed stage.
3Subjects
21Topics
0Linked
Physiology5 listed topics
- Cancer and tumor markersLearning objectivesBiomedical Importance and fundamental features of carcinogenesisOncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and key role in carcinogenesisTumor biomarkers
- SPECIAL SENSESLearning objectivesTesting the visual acuityDemonstration of light reflex and accommodation reflex
- EarLearning objectivesDescribe the gross anatomical features, boundaries, structures and contents of middle ear cavity.Describe the structures forming the walls of middle ear cavity on the given model.Highlight the importance of infection in middle ear cavity in relation to its communications.Trace the pathway and distribution of facial nerve with in petrous part of temporal bone.
- Physiology of EarLearning objectivesDescribe the physiological Anatomy of earExplain the mechanism of conduction of sound waves through the ear to the cochleaDescribe “Impedance Matching” and its importanceDescribe the process of attenuation of sounds Practicals:
- SPECIAL SENSESLearning objectivesDemonstration of Hearing tests
Anatomy11 listed topics
- Development of skullLearning objectivesIdentify the sources of skullClassify Skull on embryological basisDescribe the events in development of Cartilaginous and membranous neuro cranium and viscero craniumOutline features of a newborn skull.Identify the fontanelles with reference to their location, closing time and clinical significanceExplain the embryological basis of microcephaly and various types of cranio synostosis Temporal & infratemporal regionIdentify the location, boundaries, contents and communicationsof temporal and infratemporal fossa on a given model and skull.Describe the course and distribution of mandibular nerve from origin to distributionTabulate the attachments, actions and nerve supply of muscles of mastication.Trace location, various routes and distribution of optic ganglionJustify role of lateral pterygoid as a peripheral heart on anatomical basis of pterygoid venous plexusElucidate importance of pterygoidvenou splexusin case of intracranial spread of infection to cavernous sinus.Trace origin and distribution of superficial temporal, first and second Parts of maxillary artery Pterygopalatine fossaIdentify the location of pterygopalatine fossa on skullEnumerate the contents and communicationsDescribe the distribution of third part of maxillary artery, nerve and pterygopalatine
- ganglionLearning objectivesJustify the role of pterygopalatine ganglion in hay fever/allergies Hard and soft PalateDiscuss the bony frame work of hard palate.Identify the gross features of hard palate and soft palate.Identify muscles of soft palate on the modelDescribe the attachments, nerve supply and actions of muscles of soft palateDescribe blood supply and nerve supply of soft palateIdentify the main muscles forming the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal Arches MandibleIdentify parts of mandibleDescribe ramus and body of mandible with respect to its bony features and attachments.Muscles producing them.Describe the clinical signs of anterior dislocation of TMJ and explain the steps of its reduction.
- PharynxLearning objectivesDifferentiate extent, anatomical features, vascular supply, nerve supply of three parts of pharynx on anatomical basisList muscles of pharynx Cervical vertebraDifferentiate typical and atypical cervical vertebrae Give distinguishing features of each cervical vertebra.Enumerate structures Passing through foraminaOutline ligamentous attachments once rvical vertebrae Joints of neckName the typical and atypical intervertebral joints of neck.Identify the types of atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints.Describe the movements of these joints with muscles producing them FaceOutline the characteristic features of facial skin.Elucidate the cutaneous innervation of faceGroup facial muscles according to the orifices they are guardingDescribe the nerve supply of muscles of facial expressions.Describe the course of arteries, veins, lymphatics and nerves of the face with the help of model.Correlate gross features of face with anatomical basis of danger area, trigeminal neuralgia, Bell’s palsy.Identify muscles of facial expressionsIllustrate the cut aneousin nervation of face Mandibular and maxillary branches of Trigeminal nerveDescribe the pathway of mandibular nerve from nucleustotar get organsDescribe the pathway of maxillary nerve from nucleustotar get organs.Describe the lesion of nerves with special reference to infections of molar teeth.
- Facial nerveLearning objectivesRevisit the course and distribution off acial nerveRevisit the relationship of facial nerve with pterygopalatine and submandibular gangliaRevisit the effects of lesion off acial nerveat different levelsDifferentiate anatomical basis of clinical presentation of UMN and LMN lesion off acial nerve.
- Parotid regionLearning objectivesTrace the pathway of autonomic supply of parotid gland.Enumerate structures embedded in parotid gland in a sequential order.Analyze anatomical basis of clinical presentation of mumps.Correlate the extra cranial course of facial nerve with Bell’s palsy.
- Deep cervical FasciaLearning objectivesEnumerate the layers of deep cervical fascia.Trace the attachments of investing, pre- tracheal, carotid sheath and prevertebral layers of fascia.Identify various modifications and neck spaces formed by fascial attachments.Comprehend the clinical importance of neck spaces in spread of infection Back of the neckEnumerate the muscles of back of neck.Identify the boundaries and contents of sub occipital triangle.Describe the course and relations of 3rd and 4th parts of vertebral arteries.
- Muscles of the neckLearning objectivesDescribe the muscles of neck (sternocleidomastoid, trapezius and in Fra hyoid muscles) along with their nerve supply with the help of models.Enlist the features of Torticollis Triangles of neckTabulate the attachments, nerve supply, actions of superficial and deep muscles of neck (sternocleidomastoid, suprahyoid, in frahyoid, suboccipital, prevertebral muscles,).Identify boundaries and contents of triangles of neck on modelDescribe the origin, course and distribution of nerves of neck (cervical plexus, Ansa cervicalis, Common carotid artery, Internal jugular vein, subclavian vessels) Vessels of neckEnumerate the main vessels in neck.Describe the course and branches ofExternal carotid arterySubclavian arteryExternal jugular veinInternal jugular vein Nerves of neckEnumerate the main cranial nerves supplying in neckTrace the distribution of cranial nervesEnumerate branches of each of the above nerve and identify their area of supply.
- Viscera of neckLearning objectivesAppraise the relations of Racheal and esophagus in neck region with the help of dissectionDescribe the structures involved in cricot hyroidotomy and Tracheostomy with the help of dissection LarynxDescribe laryngeal wall in detail with emphasis on cartilages, ligaments, muscles, vascular supply and nerve supply.Analyze mechanism of abduction and adduction of vocal cords Distinguish clinical presentation so fin jury to external, internal and recurrent laryngeal nerves Lymphatic drainage of the head and neckEnlist the groups of lymph nodes of neck.Describe their location and areas of drainageAppraise the formation of jugular lymph trunkCorrelate the clinical importance of lymphatic drainage of head and neck
- Oral cavityLearning objectivesName different boundaries of oral cavity.Describe blood and nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of oral cavity.Identify the location of inferior alveolar nerve blockDescribe the salient features of floor of mouth.Discuss the attachments, actions, nerve supply and relations of suprahyoid musclesIdentify parts of tongueIdentify the gross features of dorsal and ventral surfaces of tongueName the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue.Describe attachments, actions and nerve supply of muscles of tongueDescribe the motor, general and special sensory innervation of Tongue Physiology of tasteDescribe the primary sensations of tasteDescribe the mechanism of stimulation of taste buds and the transmission of signals to CNS
- Nose and paranasal sinusesLearning objectivesDescribe the skeletal framework of different walls of noseDescribe the features, vascular supply, nerve supply and openings in lateral wall of noseDescribe the features, vascular supply, nerve supply of medial wall of noseHighlight the significance of little’s area in a case of epistaxisTrace the location and drainage of paranasal sinuses in skull and on radiograph Physiology of olfactionExplain the physiological anatomy of Olfactory membrane.Explain the mechanism of stimulation of olfactory cells.Identify the primary sensations of SmellDescribe the transmission of signals ofOlfaction in to the central nervous system
- OrbitLearning objectivesDescribe the skeletal frame work of bony orbit and its communicationsList the contents of orbitIdentify the parts of eyeball on a modelTabulate the attachments, nerve supply and actions of extraocular musclesJustify the movements of extraocular muscles based on their attachmentsTrace the course and distribution of III, IV and VI Cranial NervesJustify the peculiar Position of eye ballin case of lesion of III, IV and VI Cranial NervesTrace the route and distribution of ciliary ganglion.Describe the course and distribution of ophthalmic nerveDescribe the nerve supply of Lacrimal gland Lacrimal apparatusEnumerate the structures forming lacrimal apparatusDescribe the nerve supply of lacrimal apparatusCorrelate the anatomical structures of lacrimal apparatus with the features of blocked Lacrimal duct Physiology of EyeExplain refraction and concept of convergence and divergence.Define focal length, focal point and power of lens.Differentiate between ametropic, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, presbyopia and describe their treatmentExplain physiological anatomy of retinaDiscuss photo chemistry of visionExplain visual pathways and accommodation reflex pathways
Medical Biochemistry5 listed topics
- Free RadicalsLearning objectivesDifferent reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human bodyMechanism of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)Effect of ROS on health and diseaseMechanism of scavenging ROSBiochemical role of antioxidants (Vit E, Vit C, Glutathione, Lipoic Acid, CoQ10 and NADPH)
- Xenobiotic MetabolismLearning objectivesIntroduction, function and clinical significance of Xenobiotics
- Practicals Medical Biochemistry: Justify the use of Solutions in Clinical SettingsLearning objectivesJustify the use of Solutions in Clinical Settings
- Fibrous proteinsLearning objectivesCollagenTypes, biosynthesis and Collagenopathies
- SPECIAL SENSESLearning objectivesVitamin A: Relate the role of Vit-A in vision ;